Carbureter.



No. 684,836. Patented Oct. 22, I90l.

G. MACHLET, In. r

CARBURETEB.

(Application filed Feb. 8', 1901.) (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet l.

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Nq. 684,836. Patented Oct. 22, l90l.

a. MACHLET, In. CARBUBETER.

(Application filed Feb. 8; 1901.)

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

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' f /Z/z I A rr RZEYS I I Nrrno STATES GEORGE MAOHLET, JR:, OFELIZABETH, NEW JERSEY.

CARBURETER- {SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 684,836,dated October 22, 1901.

Application filed February 8, 1901. Serial Nat -6,507; (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE MAOHLET, Jr., a citizen of the United States,residing at Elizabeth, in the county of Union and State of New Jersey,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Oarbureters,ofwhich the following is a specification. I

This invention relates to an improved carburetor of that class which isdesigned for the generation of heating-gas from petroleum and otherliquid hydrocarbons, said carbureter producing the gas by mixing thepetroleum vaporized by the heat of the burner with a suitable quantityof air mixed with the vapors by an injector, so that a continuous andreliable flow of gas for use in gas-furnaces and other appliances isobtained; and the invention consists of a carburetor which comprises aretort for the vaporizing of the petroleum or other liquid hydrocarbon,an injector arranged above said retort for supplying air under pressureand mixing it with the vapors generated in the retort, and a burnerlocated below the retort for vaporizing the hydrocarbon suppliedthereto.

The invention consists, further, of means for starting the burner bysupplying a light hydrocarbon from an auxiliary reservoir preparatory toconnecting the burner with the main supply of hydrocarbon oil; and thein Vention consists, lastly, of certain details of construction andcombinations of parts, which will be fully described hereinafter andfinally pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a side elevation of myimproved carbureter for generating gas for heatingpurposes. Fig. 2 is avertical central section of the same on line 2 2, Fig. 1. Fig.3 is avertical central section on a plane at right angles to the plane of Fig.2. Fig. 4 is a vertical central section through the burner,drawn on alarger scale; and Fig. 5 is a horizontal section of the burner on line 55, Fig. 4.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

Referring to the drawings, R represents an annular retort, which ispreferably made of cast-iron or other suitable metal and closed at thelower and open at the upper end. The retort is supported on feet 0',resting upon the flange a of the burner-jacket A, which in turn rests onthe supporting-ring 13, held in position by a locking-pin b and thesupplypipe P for the hydrocarbon fed to the burner D D. By this pin andpipe the entire retort R and burner are supported in the exterior shellS of the carburetor. Between the feet '0 of the retort R are formedopenings sin the shell S, through which air required for the propercombustion of the gas emitted by the burner D D is supplied. The outerwall r of the annular retort is extended for some distance above theinner Wall r of the same and closed at its top by a plate r Between theshell S and the retort R and plate 7 r is interposed a lining ofasbestos,- fire-brick, or other refractory material. The petroleum orother hydrocarbon oil to be vaporized is supplied to the retort R by amain the main supply-pipe P with a stop-cock 19.; A small cylindricalreservoir J is supportedon a second branch pipe P, which connects alsothe main supply-pipe P, said reservoir being preferably made of a glassbody with metallic heads. It is filled with naphtha or other easilyVaporizable hydrocarbon oil through an opening in its top, which isclosed by a suitable plug 19 further provided at its center with a plugpprovided with a handle 19 said plug resting by its inner end on theupper end of the branch pipe P in the reservoir .J, so as to close thesupply of naphtha to the same when the plug is in position, but permitthe supply of naphtha to the branch pipe and burner when the plug isremoved. The branch pipe P is provided with a stop-cock 19 below thereservoir J, so as to be opened whenever the machine is to be startedfor supplying naphtha to the burner and heating it preparatory to theregular supply of petroleum to the same.

The burner is shown in detail in Figs. t and 5. It is composed of alower portion D and The reservoir J is an upper portion or head D, bothlocated in a casing A, between which and the burnerjacket A isinterposed a lining A of refractory material. The head is provided witha downwardly extending central portion screwed to the lower portion Dand forming with that portion of the latter above its contracted throatd a mixing-chamber for the vapors of the hydrocarbon oil generated bypassage of the oil over the heated helical channel e at the outside ofthe lower portion D. The connected parts D D are supported by the latteron a shoulder of the casing A, as seen in Figs. 2, 3, and 4..

For supplying the air necessary for the operation of the carburetor amain air-supply pipe M, connected with any suit-able source of air underpressure, is provided with a valve on, controlled by a handle m. Theupper end of the air-supply pipe M is connected by an elbow m with aninjector-tube N, that extends through the shell S and wall 1 of theretort into the space above the same, which serves as a mixing-chamberfor the air and the vapors generated in the retort. Opposite and in linewith said injector-tube a discharge-pipe N passes through the oppositeside of the shell S and wall 1" for conducting off the carbureted-gasmixture for use. The injector-tube N is secured in position byaset-screw m passing through the shell S, and is preferably provided witha screen-plate a, through which and a stuffing-box of the elbow m passesthe spindle n of a needlevalve M, by which passage of air through thetapering mouth of the tube N is perfectly controlled. At the oppositeside of the valve m a branch tube C conducts the air under pressure intothe air-supply tube or nozzle C of the burner, which is controlled bythe needle-valve O and delivers into the burnercasing at a pointopposite the lower part D of the burner.

The operation of the carbureter is as follows: The valves 1) and 1)being closed, the valve 19 is opened and air admitted through tube 0.The naphtha or other volatile hydrocarbon in the reservoir J flows uponlifting plugp through pipe P and out upon the flanged channel 6 andalong the same, its vapors rising through the openings e in the head Dand also sucked in downward direction, mixed with the air-blast, and themixture forced through the openings in the burner-head. Here they areignited by the ignition of cotton-waste placed upon the headbyinsertingthrough an opening 5. The prodnets of combustion of the flameat the annular portion a of the head are sucked down through theopenings 6 and pass in a helical course over the vaporizing naphtha inthe channel a, accelerating its evaporation and rapidly heating theburner, and are then in mixture with fresh naphtha-vapors and airdelivered by the blast through throat d into the mixing-chamber, whencethe mixture passes out through the head and is burned.

lVhen the burner has become sufficiently heated to vaporize the heavierhydrocarbon when the same passes over the channel 6, the supply ofnaphtha is shut off and the petroleum admitted through pipe P, theoperation of the burner continuing in the same manner described.Petroleum is then admitted by pipe P to the retort R and is vaporizedquickly therein, owing to the intense heat of the burner. The vapors,with the surplus gases of the combustion of the burner which risethrough the open center of the retort, are mixed with the air emittedthrough theinjector-tube N, and the mixture is forced by the blast intothe discharge tube N and conducted in the same to the place of use. Theretort serves as means for conducting the gases of combustion into themixing-chamber above the retort.

My improved carburetor has the following advantages:

First. It can be readily started by supplying a quantity ofeasily-vaporizable hydrocarbon oil to the burner and its retort, theheavier and less easily vaporized oil being supplied after the burner isheated up suiticiently to handle it.

Secondly. It utilizes the surplus gases of combustion from the burner bymixing them with the vapors generated in the retort, whereby an economyof heat is eltected, and conducting the mixture withair to the place ofuse in a highly-heated condition.

Thirdl y. The entire carbureter is small and compact in shape, fullyprotected by the non conducting linings against the outer air, and canbe operated without danger of fire or accident to the surroundings, asthe flame cannot pass to the outside nor explosions occur.

Fourthly. The carburetor after being once started works automatically aslong as re quired and supplies heating-gas of good quality, which can beconducted to a considerable distance without condensation.

Having thus described my invention, What I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. A carbureter, consisting of an exterior shell, having a refractorylining, a vaporizingretort therein, a burner below the retort, anair-injector delivering into the space above the retort, an air-supplypipe for the burner, pipes for supplying oil to the, vaporizing-retortand the burner, means for conducting the heated gases. of combustionfrom the burner into the space above the retort, and a discharge-tubeleading from said space above the retort, substantially as set forth.

2. A carbureter, consisting of an exterior shell, provided with arefractory lining, and with openings in its wall, a vaporizing-retortwithin the shell above said openings, a burner below said retort, anair-injector delivering into the space above the retort, an air-supplypipe for the burner, pipes for supplying oil to the vaporizinga'etortand the burner,said vaporizing-retort being of annular shape, and 10 IIO. cated to conduct the heated gases of combustion from the burner intothe space above the retort, and a discharge-tube leading from said spaceabove the retort, substantially as set forth.

3. A carbureter, consisting of an exterior shell having a refractorylining and openings in its wall, an annular vaporizing-retort within theshell, above said openings,a burner in said shell below the openings, anair-injector delivering into the-space above the retort, adischarge-tube arranged in line with said air-injector, an air-supplypipe for the burner, and pipes for supplying oil to thevaporizing-retort and burner, substantially as set forth.

4. A carbureter, consisting of an exterior shell having a refractorylining and openings in its wall, an annular vaporizing retort within theshell, above said openings, an airinjector delivering into the spaceabove the ing said oil-supply pipe and reservoir, for sup- 7 plying oilfrom the reservoir to the burner, substantially as set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed myname invpresence of two subscribing witnesses.

GEORGE MACHLET, JR.

\Vitnesses:

' PAUL GoEPEL,

JOSEPH H. NILES.

